Continuing our series of Christmases around the world, this one is on Christmas Tradition in Poland.
Mesotych Swiat....Happy Holidays in Polish
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| Polish Christmas Ornament |
For Poles, Christmas Eve is a night of magic when animals are said to talk and people have the power to predict the future. It’s a time for families to gather and reconcile any differences, and to remember loved ones who have gone before them.
Wigilia (vee-GEEL-yah), which literally means "vigil," or waiting for the birth of Baby Jesus, is considered more important than Christmas Day itself.
How Poles Decorate
Preparations begin early on Christmas Eve. Years ago, it was traditional for country families to cut boughs of evergreen from the forest to be tucked behind holy pictures in the home or above the entryway. A fir tree top was hung upside down from a beam in the ceiling. The children and women of the household decorated the boughs with red apples, nuts and ornaments made of paper and bread.
City families decorate with lights, apples, nuts, candies, and hand-blown glass, crystal and paper ornaments. Hung from the ceiling are pajaki, spider-web-like decorations, and dozynki, colorful harvest wreaths decorated with flowers and stars. In Krakow, there are szopki (SHOP-kee) -– miniature Krakowian puppet theaters. These elaborate creations are made of tin foil and entered into competition each year on the square of St. Mary’s Cathedral in Krakow.
The Table Is Prepared
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| Pajaki Spider-web-like Decoration |
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| Szopki (Shop-kee) Miniature Krakowian Puppet Theater Source via ~ Pinterest ~ Originally pinned by Joanne Simplecrea |
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| Oplatki (Oh-Pwaht-kee) Blessed Communion Wafer Source via ~ |
The Star Supper
After sunset, the youngest child is sent to watch for the first star. This is why the wigilia dinner is also known as the Star Supper. Only then are the candles on the table lit and the dinner begun. But not a morsel is eaten before the "breaking of the oplatki."
The eldest family member takes the oplatek wafer, breaks it and shares it with the next eldest with wishes for good health and prosperity, and a kiss on each cheek. Each person then exchanges oplatek with everyone else at the table. It can be a very emotional time as grudges are forgotten and deceased family members are remembered.
Some Poles share a pink-colored oplatki with the household (and barnyard) animals because they were the first to greet the Baby Jesus at midnight. The animals also receive a taste of every course of the meal mixed in with their feed.
Instead of sending Christmas cards to friends and family not present, Poles send oplatki, first tearing off a small corner to show that the donor has broken it with them as a token of affection.
The Wigilia Meal
Wigilia is a meatless meal because, years ago, Roman Catholics fasted for the four weeks of Advent, including Christmas Eve. In the past there were thirteen main dishes (representing the Apostles and Christ), but, these days, many families have replaced this tradition with a twelve-fruit compote for dessert.
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| 12 Fruit Kompot Source via ~ http://easteuropeanfood.about.com/od/christmaseve/a/Polishxmas.htm |
Meals vary from family to family but usually include a special soup followed by many elegant fish preparations, vegetables, and pierogi.
Typical dishes include barszcz wigilijny z uszkami (Christmas Eve borscht with mushroom uszka dumplings), carp in aspic, herring (sledze), breaded whitefish, meatless cabbage rolls (golabki), and noodles with poppyseed. Desserts might include nuts, tangerines, chocolates, makowiec (poppyseed roll), mazurek (a jam-filled flat pastry), piernik (honey-spice cake), pierniczki (gingerbread cookies), kompot (fruit compote), cognac, liqueurs, mead and krupnik (a honey-spiced vodka). Kutia, a kind of gruel with cracked wheat and honey, is also eaten in some parts of Poland on Christmas Eve.
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| Wigilijny Zuszkami (Christmas Eve Borscht with Mushroom Uszka Dumplings0 Source via ~ Google Images |
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| Carp in Aspic, Source via ~ http://www.friendburst.com/blog/75147/holidays-poland-hungary-great-britain-2/ |
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| Noodles and Poppyseeds Source via ~ http://easteuropeanfoods.about.com |
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| Golabki (Meatless cabbage rolls |
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| Makowiec (Poppy Seed Roll) Source via ~ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Makowiec.jpg |
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| Mazurka ( Jam filled Flat Pastry) Source via ~ http://easteuropeanfood.about.com/od/polishdesserts/r/Peach-Mazurka-Recipe.htm |
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| Piernik (Honey Spice Cake) |
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| Pierniczki (Gingerbread Cookies) Source via ~ http://www.dwiechochelki.pl/2010/12/pierniczki-kuronia-i-konkurs_19.html |
The Starman Makes an Appearance
At the end of supper, Father Christmas, known as The Starman (very often the parish priest in disguise), accompanied by singing Starboys, pays a visit. He brings rewards to good children from Starland, and scolds the naughty ones, who eventually get their reward, too.
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| Father Christmas ~ The Starman |
Koledy -– carols -– are sung and presents are opened by all. Then the family prepares for Midnight Mass known as Pasterka or Shepherds Mass because they were the first to greet the Baby Jesus.
Christmas Day
Wesolych swiat (veh-SOH-wik SHVYOHNT)! Merry Christmas! Christmas day is spent visiting family and friends. Dinner typically is ham, some type of Polish kielbasa, roast duck or goose, or Hunter’s stew -– bigos. Starboys go caroling from house to house carrying the szopka, a miniature puppet theater that recreates the Nativity story.
This is a lovely tradition rich in history and so far my favorite. :) Tune in next week for more traditions.
Source via ~ http://easteuropeanfood.about.com/od/christmaseve/a/Polishxmas.htm
